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Suzuki Jimny

Also known as スズキ・ジムニー, LJ10, LJ20, SJ10 “Jimny 55”, SJ20 “Jimny 8”, LJ50, LJ80 (export), Suzuki Brute (United States)

Suzuki did not design its first four-by-four. It bought one from a failing maker of three-wheeled trucks, after Suzuki Osamu had watched an 8 mm film of it climbing a steep slope. The result was the only true off-roader in the kei class, and the start of a line still built today.

Yellow open small 4x4 with round headlamps, a white bumper and black wheels at an indoor show, visitors in the background.
A yellow 1970 Suzuki Jimny LJ10 from the front quarter at a show in 2025, with its horizontal grille slots.Photo: TTTNIS, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons

At a glance

The spec plate

Suzuki Jimny

LJ10 · Suzuki

Built
1970–⁠1981The first generation, April 1970 to April 1981; the line is still built
Country
JapanSuzuki Motor; the design bought from Hope Motor of Tokyo
Maker
Suzuki MotorSuzuki Jidōsha Kōgyō, from the Hope Star ON 4WD
Engine
359 cc air-cooled two-stroke twinThe FB, from the Carry truck; water-cooled from 1972, a 539 cc three from 1976
Power
25 PS18 kW at 6,000 rpm; 27 PS the next year, 28 PS for the LJ20 of 1972
Length
2,995 mm1,295 mm wide, 1,670 mm high
Weight
600 kgThe LJ10 by Suzuki’s figure; English Wikipedia gives 590 kg
Seats
3Two and an auxiliary seat; four in the LJ20F of 1975
Wheels
4Engine in front; rear-wheel drive, with part-time four-wheel drive and a low range
Price new
¥482,000The LJ10 in Tokyo, 1970
Production
98,750The first generation, 1970–⁠81: new registrations in Japan, without exports
Top speed
75km/h75 km/h

How big is it?

True proportion

3.00 m

It is 25 mm longer than a Fiat 500, about 1.7 adults laid end to end.

  • 1.29 m wide
  • 600 kg: about eight adults
  • The spare wheel rode inside, to keep it under 3 metressource 1
  • Ladder frame and rigid axles at both endssource 2source 3
Drawn at true proportion. The track is 3.6 metres long; the adult stands at the same scale. The Peel P50 is the smallest production car, on every page for comparison.

The story

History

The design came from Hope Motor of Tokyo, whose founder, Ono Sadayoshi, built the Hope Star ON 4WD in 1967: a Jeep’s layout in kei size, with rigid axles at both ends, 16-inch wheels and a two-speed transfer box.source 3source 4 Hope could not build it in numbers. Ono offered it to Mitsubishi, which built Jeeps under licence and was not interested.source 3 Suzuki Osamu, later Suzuki’s long-serving chief, bought the manufacturing rights over opposition inside the company.source 2source 3 The two main sources give him different titles at the time, managing director in Suzuki’s account and head of Suzuki’s Tokyo sales company in Japanese Wikipedia’s, and he may have held both.source 2source 3 The price is said to have been about ¥12 million.source 3

もっと軽の特長が生かせるユニークな車を

Suzuki’s company history, giving the thought of its managing director, Suzuki Osamu. In English: “a unique car that makes more of the kei’s strengths”.source 2

By Japanese Wikipedia’s account, executives mocked the purchase, one of them promising to walk round the company in a lantern parade if the thing sold.source 3 Suzuki re-engineered the ON for its own lines, with the engine and gearbox of its Carry truck, standard steel sections and existing Suzuki parts, and gave it sportier looks. A power take-off on the transfer box could drive a winch.source 3 To keep the car under 3 m (118 in) and inside the kei class, the spare wheel went inside the body, which left room for three seats rather than four.source 1

LJ10, 1970

The Jimny LJ10 was launched in April 1970, the only true four-wheel drive in the kei class; Suzuki calls it the first mass-produced kei four-wheel drive.source 2source 3source 1 Its FB engine was an air-cooled two-stroke twin of 359 cc and 25 PS (18 kW) at 6,000 rpm, raised to 27 PS the next year. It had a ladder frame, leaf springs, four speeds and the two-speed transfer box, and it cost ¥482,000 in Tokyo.source 2source 1 At first production was subcontracted and done largely by hand, before it moved to a line of its own.source 1

Forestry offices and civil-engineering firms bought it as a working tool, and others as a leisure car.source 2 (Japan’s other small working vehicles are on our page of micro-vans.) Nearly 5,000 were sold at home in the first year, more than the Mitsubishi Jeep, and over 6,000 in 1971.source 1

LJ20, 1972

In May 1972 the LJ20 brought a water-cooled two-stroke twin, the L50, of 28 PS (21 kW), reached at 5,500 rpm, with a hot-water heater; the grille’s slots turned from horizontal to vertical, which is the easy way to tell the two apart. A full-steel van, the LJ20V, sold well in the snowy regions.source 2source 3source 1 That July came the Video Jimny, an LJ20 with a Sony 18-inch colour television and a U-matic video recorder, powered through the transfer box’s take-off. It went to the Tokyo Motor Show, and not one was sold.source 3

Exports began in 1974.source 2 Suzuki itself did not send Jimnys to the United States, where International Equipment Co. imported them as the Suzuki Brute.source 1 The four-seat LJ20F of February 1975 carried its spare outside, and the emission-controlled LJ20-3 of December that year was built for only about four months.source 2source 3

Jimny 55 and Jimny 8

The 550 cc rules brought the SJ10 Jimny 55, pronounced “go-go”, in June 1976: a 539 cc water-cooled two-stroke three of 26 PS (19 kW). At first it kept the old body, 3,170 mm (125 in) long; in June 1977 its tracks grew by 100 mm and the fuel tank from 26 to 40 litres.source 2source 3 The Jimny 8 (SJ20) of July 1977 had the F8A, a 797 cc four-stroke four and Suzuki’s first four-stroke car engine. Too big for the kei class, it was registered as a small car; only 1,799 were registered in Japan, and abroad it was the LJ80.source 3source 1 Steel doors replaced canvas ones on the soft-top in November 1978, and the first generation ended in April 1981, with 98,750 registered in Japan.source 2source 3

The SJ30 that followed in May 1981 kept the two-stroke for its pulling power at low speed, and it was the last Japanese four-wheeler with a crankcase-compression two-stroke engine, sold until 1987. A turbocharged four-stroke came in 1986, and new generations in 1998 and 2018.source 2source 3 Through it all the Jimny has kept its ladder frame, its front engine and rear drive, its part-time four-wheel drive with a low range, and rigid axles.source 2

Open yellow bonnet over a black engine with a large air-cooling duct, a ribbed silver hose and a white reservoir.
The air-cooled FB two-stroke twin in the engine bay of a 1970 LJ10.Photo: TTTNIS, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons
Dark green boxy small 4x4 with a steel roof, round headlamps and a white bumper, parked on gravel by a red and white barrier.
A green LJ20V, the steel-bodied van added in 1972, with the LJ20’s vertical grille slots.Photo: TTTNIS, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons

Hope Star

1952–⁠1967 · a record on this page

Hope Motor (Hope Jidōsha) of Tokyo was a pioneer of the light three-wheeled truck. Its Hope Star of 1952 is called the first proper kei three-wheeled truck, but the Daihatsu Midget and others squeezed it out, and Hope left car-making around 1965.source 5source 4 Japanese Wikipedia’s list of kei-truck makers, without a source, also credits Hope with four-wheeled trucks, the Unicar and the OV, and calls the OV Japan’s first cab-over kei truck, a claim that competes with the Kurogane Baby’s.source 5

Then, in 1967, Ono built the Hope Star ON 4WD, with a Mitsubishi air-cooled two-stroke twin, and sold it as an all-purpose vehicle for rough ground. Hope says it was Japan’s first kei four-wheel drive.source 3source 4 About 15 were built with Mitsubishi engines, and three with Suzuki engines, at Suzuki’s request, for evaluation.source 3 Japanese sources call it the ON-type 4WD; English Wikipedia calls it the ON360.source 3source 1source 4 Hope moved into amusement-park rides, and lasted until it was wound up in 2017.source 4

Pictures

More photographs, old and new

Variants

The first generation

The Jimny and its forerunner, 1967–⁠82
VariantYearsWhat differsHow many
Hope Star ON 4WD1967Hope Motor’s original, with a Mitsubishi air-cooled two-stroke twin; three had Suzuki enginesAbout 18
LJ101970–⁠72Canvas top, three seats, horizontal grille slots; FB air-cooled twin, 25 then 27 PSNot found
LJ20, LJ20V1972–⁠76Water-cooled L50 twin of 28 PS, vertical grille slots, a heater; the steel van addedNot found
LJ20FFrom 1975Four seats, the spare wheel outsideNot found
SJ10 “Jimny 55”1976–⁠81539 cc water-cooled two-stroke three, 26 PS; widened from 1977Not found
SJ20 “Jimny 8”1977–⁠82797 cc four-stroke four, too big for the kei class; LJ80 for export1,799 in Japan

Specification

The LJ10 of 1970 unless noted

Engine and drive

Engine and drive
EngineFB, air-cooled two-stroke in-line twinsource 2source 1
Capacity359 cc (21.9 cu in)source 2source 1
Power25 PS (18 kW) at 6,000 rpm, soon 27 PS (20 kW)source 2source 1LJ20: water-cooled L50, 28 PS (21 kW) at 5,500 rpm
GearboxFour speeds, with a two-speed transfer boxsource 2source 3source 1
DrivePart-time four-wheel drive, switchable to rear-wheel drivesource 2

Body and chassis

Body and chassis
FrameLadder framesource 2source 3
SuspensionRigid axles front and rear, on leaf springssource 2source 3
Wheels16-inchsource 2source 1
BodyCanvas top; a steel van from 1972source 2

Dimensions

Dimensions
Length2,995 mm (118 in)source 23,170 mm for the SJ10 of 1976
Width1,295 mm (51 in)source 21,395 mm for the widened SJ10 of 1977
Height1,670 mm (66 in)source 2
Wheelbase1,930 mm (76 in)source 2
Weight600 kg (1,320 lb)source 2590 kg in English Wikipedia; the LJ20 625 kg, its van 660 kg

Performance and running

Performance and running
Top speed75 km/h (47 mph)source 1LJ20: 80 km/h, and 93 km/h for the later 26 PS version
Climbing35° for the LJ20, 39.7° for the SJ10, by Suzuki’s claimsource 2
PayloadLJ20: 250 kg (550 lb), the van 200 kgsource 1
Price¥482,000 in Tokyo, 1970; LJ20 from ¥489,000source 2

How many were built?

Registrations in Japan

98,750 in Japan, 1970–⁠81Japanese Wikipedia gives 98,750 new registrations in Japan for the first generation, the best single figure found; it leaves out exports, and no breakdown by model has been found. English Wikipedia’s figures for the first two years fit inside it.

  1. 98,750first generation, new registrations in Japan, 1970–⁠81One source

    Japanese Wikipediasource 3

  2. over 6,000sold in 1971One source

    English Wikipediasource 1

  3. nearly 5,000sold at home in the first yearOne source

    English Wikipediasource 1

  4. 1,799SJ20 “Jimny 8”, registered in JapanTwo sources agree

    Japanese and English Wikipediasource 3source 1

  5. about 18Hope Star ON 4WD, 1967One source

    Japanese Wikipediasource 3

  • Two sources agreetwo good sources give the figure
  • One sourcea good source, alone
  • Unconfirmeda lead only, not yet checked

Famous for

Three points

  1. Bought in

    A failing maker’s prototype, bought after an 8 mm film of it on a steep slope.source 3

  2. The only true one

    In 1970 the one real four-wheel drive in the kei class, and still built.source 2source 3

  3. The Video Jimny

    An LJ20 with a colour television and a video recorder, for the 1972 Tokyo Motor Show; none sold.source 3

Survivors and collecting

Today

No count of surviving first-generation Jimnys has been found, and no auction results either. The LJ20-3, built for about four months, is the one collectors hunt.source 3 The first Jimny joined the Japan Automotive Hall of Fame’s list of historic heritage cars in November 2020.source 3 In the photographs on this page are first-generation cars in the Suzuki History Museum at Hamamatsu, the Toyota Automobile Museum, Komatsu’s Motorcar Museum of Japan and Nashville’s Lane Motor Museum, and an LJ20 of 1973 still at work for a mountain hut in Austria in 2023.

Weathered olive green small 4x4 parked on a gravel mountain track beside trees and bushes.
A 1973 LJ20 on a mountain track in Austria in 2023, still supplying a hut.Photo: Schreckgespenst, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Sources

Numbered as in the text

No period road test was read. The history rests on Suzuki’s own Digital Library and on Japanese Wikipedia, which is the only source for several of the stories told here, including the film and the Video Jimny. Sources are given as plain text; the links are on the Credits page.

  1. English Wikipedia, Suzuki Jimny, the first-generation section.
  2. Suzuki Digital Library, Jimny (ジムニー), the maker’s history with specification tables for each model, read in full.
  3. Japanese Wikipedia, Suzuki Jimny (スズキ・ジムニー), the prehistory and the first and second generations, read in full.
  4. Japanese Wikipedia, Hope (company) (ホープ (企業)), read in full.
  5. Japanese Wikipedia, Kei truck (軽トラック), the history and the list of makers.